Orca (Killer Whale - Orcinus orca) Facts

The killer whale, also known as the orca, is one of the most well-known types of whales. Killer whales are commonly the star attractions at large aquariums and due to these aquariums and movies, may also be known as Shamu or Free Willy. Despite their somewhat derogatory name and large, sharp teeth, fatal interactions between killer whales and humans in the wild have never been reported. (Read more about fatal interactions with captive orcas). Description With their spindle-like shape and beautiful, crisp black and white markings, killer whales are striking and unmistakable. The maximum length of killer whales is 32 feet in males and 27 feet in females. They can weigh up to 11 tons (22,000 pounds). All killer whales have dorsal fins, but the males is larger than females, sometimes reaching 6 feet tall. Like many other Odontocetes, killer whales live in organized family groups, called pods, which range in size from 10-50 whales. Individuals are identified and studied using their natural markings, which include a grayish-white saddle behind the whales dorsal fin. Classification Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: MammaliaOrder: CetaceaSuborder: OdontocetiFamily: DelphinidaeGenus: OrcinusSpecies: orca While killer whales were long considered to be one species, there now appear to be many species, or at least subspecies, of killer whales. These species/subspecies differ genetically and also in appearance. Habitat and Distribution According to the Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, killer whales are second only to humans as the most widely distributed mammal in the world. Even though they range across temperate areas of the oceans, killer whale populations are more concentrated around Iceland and northern Norway, along the northwestern coast of the U.S. and Canada, in the Antarctic and Canadian Arctic. Feeding Killer whales eat a wide array of prey, including fish, sharks, cephalopods, sea turtles, seabirds (e.g., penguins) and even other marine mammals (e.g., whales, pinnipeds). They have 46-50 cone-shaped teeth that they use to grasp their prey. Killer Whale Residents and Transients The well-studied population of killer whales off the western coast of North America has revealed that there are two separate, isolated populations of killer whales known as residents and transients. Residents prey on fish and move according to the migrations of salmon, and transients prey primarily on marine mammals such as pinnipeds, porpoises, and dolphins, and may even feed on seabirds. Resident and transient killer whale populations are so different that they dont socialize with each other and their DNA is different. Other populations of killer whales are not as well studied, but scientists think that this food specialization might occur in other areas as well. Scientists are now learning more about a third type of killer whale, called offshores, which live in the area from British Columbia, Canada to California, dont interact with resident or transient populations, and are not usually seen inshore. Their food preferences are still being studied. Reproduction Killer whales are sexually mature when they are 10-18 years old. Mating seems to take place throughout the year. The gestation period is 15-18 months, after which a calf about 6-7 feet long is born. Calves weigh about 400 pounds at birth and will nurse for 1-2 years. Females have calves every 2-5 years. In the wild, it is estimated that 43% of calves die within the first 6 months (Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, p.672). Females reproduce until they are about 40 years old. Killer whales are estimated to live between 50-90 years, with females generally living longer than males. Conservation Since 1964, when the first killer whale was captured for display in an aquarium in Vancouver, they have been a popular show animal, a practice that is becoming more controversial. Until the 1970s, killer whales were captured off the western coast of North America, until populations there began to decrease. Subsequently, since the late 1970s, killer whales captured in the wild for aquariums have mostly been taken from Iceland. Today, breeding programs exist in many aquariums and that has lessened the need for wild captures. Killer whales have also been hunted for human consumption or because of their predation on commercially-valuable fish species. They are also threatened by pollution, with the population off British Columbia and Washington state having extremely high levels of PCBs. Sources: American Cetacean Society. 2004. Orca (Killer Whale). (Online). American Cetacean Society Fact Sheet. Accessed February 27, 2010.Kinze, Carl Christian. 2001. Marine Mammals of the North Atlantic. Princeton University Press.Mead, James G. and Joy P. Gould. 2002. Whales and Dolphins In Question. Smithsonian Institution.Perrin, William F., Bernd Wursig and J.G.M. Thewissen. 2002. Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals. Academic Press.

(1575)The Contradictions Of Profunc An Analysis Of The

(1575)The Contradictions of PROFUNC: An Analysis of the Problem of Human Rights and the Democratic Process in Cold War Canada In this political study the problem of human rights and the democratic process will be analyzed in the anti-communist contradictions of the covert Canadian operation called PROFUNC (PROminent FUNCtionaries of the communist party. PROFUNC defines a major problem with the democratic process by secretly monitoring and spying on communist party affiliates living in Canada in the aftermath of WWII. This Cold War policy not only sought to monitor communist, but it also sought to intern them in the potential WWWIII scenario with the Soviet Union. This type of policy defines a form of authoritarian type of governance that†¦show more content†¦It was a secret plan of the Canadian government to round up and imprison Canadian citizens who were communists or affiliated with communism. This plan, in hindsight, an indication of the extremes the Canadian government was willing to go through in its fight against communism (Chisholm 77). This type of secretive government program certainly defines the contradictions of a so-called democratic country, which has continually propagandized the idea of equal rights and the right of individuals to have different political ideas. The role of the RCMP actually presents a type of â€Å"police state† mentality that projects a threat to democracy as a part of human rights violations committed by the Canadian government during this time. The Cold Ear ideology of â€Å"capitalism versus communism† certainly created a hyper-reactionary dualism in Canadian politics, which viewed anyone who supported communism as an enemy of the state. PROFUNC certainly defines a concerted effort by government officials and the RCMP to monitor Canadian communists with the future potential of having them imprisoned during a time of war with the Soviet Union. Another problem with the PROFUNC program was that it was being used for monitoring and surveillance of worker’s unions and other anti-capitalist groups that did not directly support the Soviet communist ideology. Initially, the PROFUNC program was being utilized to stop the

Social Science for Health and Lifestyle- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theSocial Science for Health and Lifestyle. Answer: Explanation of reasons for socio-economic differences The inner city versus the outer suburbs has been the perennial Australian divide. But the lifestyle differences of individuals who are living near the CBDs and those who are located towards the urban fringe has been growing (Balia and Jones, 2008). The host of the international indexes highlights that Australia has excellent liveable suburb. Individuals living in these parts have been diverging in numerous ways (Contoyannis and Jones, 2004). In this research it will explore some reasons as to why there is socio-economic differences in suburb. Arncliffe is the suburb which I resides in and the suburb which I will do the comparison with is Fairfield. The first reason for the socio-economic difference between these two suburb is the on the occupation rate. According to the research the central city of Sydney it has been restricted and there are development of the specialized producer services for example the office, hotel, convention, building apartment, as well as the entertainment cultural facilities (Hulse, Pawson, Reynolds and Herath, 2014). Based on the report on the table 9 Arncliffe suburb has been able to attain a higher professional workers as comparison to Fairfield which has a higher rate of the labourers which has caused a negative consequences to the historical sectoral and dismantled on the spatial redistribution mechanism (Occupation, 2011 Census). Additionally, the higher rate of the labourers has resulted to the lack of the educational qualification particularly to the areas which are away from the CBD. Another reason which could cause the socio-economic difference is the rate of the employment. Based on the research it is evident that Arncliffe has a higher percentage of the workers who work full time and there is a small amount of individuals who are unemployed (Hulse, Pawson, Reynolds and Herath, 2014). Arncliffe is situated in the inner part of Sydney and the suburb provides an easy access to the high level of the job creation. In comparison to Fairfield it is evident that it is located in an area which is far, where the opportunity for the jobs is slightly efficient as a result of the small rate of the creation of jobs, making the rate of unemployment to be high. Another reason of the socio-economic difference is that of the dwelling on the mortgage and rent. According to the census data it highlights that the rent payment for the Arncliffe is much higher than Fairfield that relate to many aspects. The first factor to the high rent rate has been associated to the issue of location. Arncliffe is located in the inner parts of the Sydney where the jobs are paid better and the rate of population is higher. When compared to Fairfield it has been located away from the CBD. The next reason for the socio-economic difference is cultural and the language diversity. Based on the census, Arncliffe a higher percentage of 51.8% against that of Fairfield which is 32.7%. According to social scientist they have suggested that the cultural diversity in a nation could lead to the societal instability (McKenzie, Pizzica, Gosper, Malfroy and Ashford-Rowe, 2014). The cultural diversity and the language could be said to result to the outcome which can less likely be defined in terms of the social aspects. The benefits of the aspects are disrupted by the aspect of discrimination and the racism, which has been a challenge to the social cohesion particularly in the Australian society. References Balia, S. and Jones, A.M., 2008. Mortality, lifestyle and socio-economic status. Journal of health economics, 27(1), pp.1-26. Contoyannis, P. and Jones, A.M., 2004. Socio-economic status, health and lifestyle. Journal of health economics, 23(5), pp.965-995. Hulse, K., Pawson, H., Reynolds, M. and Herath, S.K., 2014. Disadvantaged places in urban Australia: analysing socio-economic diversity and housing market performance. McKenzie, J., Pizzica, J., Gosper, M., Malfroy, J. and Ashford-Rowe, K., 2014. Socio-economic status and students experiences of technologies: Is there a digital divide?. ASCILITE2014.

The Atlantic Charter Essay Research Paper THE free essay sample

The Atlantic Charter Essay, Research Paper THE ATLANTIC CHARTER AUGUST 14.1941 The President of the United States of America and the Prime Minister, Mr. Churchill, stand foring His Majesty # 8217 ; s Government in the United Kingdom, being met together, deem it right to do known certain common rules in the national policies of their several states on which they base their hopes for a better hereafter for the universe. First, their states seek no aggrandisement, territorial or other ; Second, they desire to see no territorial alterations that do non harmonize with the freely uttered wants of the peoples concerned ; Third, they respect the right of all peoples to take the signifier of gov- ernment under which they will populate ; and they wish to see autonomous rights and self authorities restored to those who have been forcibly deprived of them ; Fourth, they will endeavour, with due regard for their existing obli- gations, to foster the enjoyment by all States, great or little, master or vanquished, of entree, on equal footi ngs, to the trade and to the natural mater- ials of the universe which are needed for their economic prosperity ; Fifth, they desire to convey about the fullest coaction between all states in the economic field with the object of securing, for all, impro- ved labour criterions, economic promotion and societal security ; Sixth, after the concluding devastation of the Nazi dictatorship, they hope to see established a peace which will afford to all states the agencies of dwel- Trapa bicornis in safety within their ain boundaries, and which will afford confidence that all the work forces in all lands may populate out their lives in freedom from fright and want ; Seventh, such a peace should enable all work forces to track the high seas and oceans without hinderance ; Eighth, they believe that all of the states of the universe, for real- istic every bit good as religious grounds must come to the forsaking of the usage of force. We will write a custom essay sample on The Atlantic Charter Essay Research Paper THE or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since no future peace can be maintained if land, sea or air arm- catkins continue to be employed by states which threaten, or may endanger, aggression outside of their frontiers, they believe, pending the establish- ment of a wider and lasting system of general security, that the disarma- ment of such states is indispensable. They will likewise assistance and promote all other operable step which will buoy up for peaceable peoples the oppressing load of armaments. Franklin D. Roosevelt Winston S. Churchill